Tkam Reflection

Jewel a d Scout have a real existence head of them that Tactics can look forward as well. With this current, Attic's acceptable sense e of profound quality in part originates from the way that he needs to show his kids the correct exercise. On the off chance that the book continued for an additional twenty years, I accept that Gem and Scout would have a superior existence with a superior feeling of ethical quality that Male would. Additionally, Bob's terrible feeling of profound quality influence De the characters around him and even caused the life of a human. Since, Bob has a poor feeling of profound quality, he doesn't feel awful accusing his beating of Male for Tom Robinson.Tom was clearly blameless and passed on attempting to get away from prison which Bob put him in. As it were, Bob is r expansible for Tom's passing. Didn't authenticity how the ethical quality of somebody could be influenced and how profound quality has any kind of effect on an individual before perusing To Kil l a Mockingbird. All through this article, I had a great deal of positives and negatives. I would state had a greater number of negatives than positives however in the long run worked them out. The simplest piece of the article for me was composing the parts the parts not about the statements and research.For test el saying, â€Å"Bob Lowell carries on with a poor existence with nothing to anticipate. † was much simpler that n clarifying a statement. This is on the grounds that statements and proof were incredibly difficult to find when composing this paper. The vast majority of the courses by researchers I glanced through didn't clarify how profound quality influenced the characters, yet they clarified that â€Å"Bob's feeling of ethical quality was not right†. Ho falter, would in the long run locate a decent article, for example, Laurie Champion's that clarified confidence TTY in the book top to bottom. I likewise composed two essays.The initial one completed well be fore the due information yet acknowledged I was discussing an inappropriate data. Erased a large portion of it and began once again. The sees were a few difficulties and a few positives of composing this paper. Taken in some intriguing realities about myself as an essayist when composed this sees ay. One of the greatest one was the way that I talk about my suppositions and what I need to s ay to an extreme. When begun to compose this paper, really composed the entire thing without perhaps on e or statements. I accepted the article was great however I realized I needed to include quotes.I discovered that I could compose a ton facilitated on what I read all through doing my exploration. Additionally discovered that on the off chance that I pr ovoid myself with a diagram, can compose the article a great deal smoother. At the point when I began composing the sees ay, I had no clue about what focuses I would raise when discussing the particular subject. I mama De myself a blueprint and h ad the option to compose the exposition a great deal smoother. On the off chance that I could return and fix anything about my article I would most likely include more statements and proof. I didn't utilize that numerous statements contrasted with my companions and in the event that I had time would discover more data.

The changing role of hr management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The changing job of hr the board - Essay Example Starbucks and Southwest Airlines are the ideal instances of such organizations, where globalization and change in business patterns have adjusted the conventional jobs of HR the board. Let us talk about how every one of these components influences the job of HR the board in the 21st century. Globalization â€Å"Globalization is said to bring individuals of all countries closer together, particularly through a typical medium like the economy or the Internet† (Ellis-Christensen, 2011). Globalization has opened new measurements and zones of thought for the HR administrators of the today’s world. Globalization has put a critical effect on the job of HR the executives in the achievement of an organization. Today, any organization or association needs to extend its business to the universal world so as to expand efficiency and benefit, and when an organization intends to go worldwide, the administration of that organization needs to consider numerous significant elements iden tified with business, for example, various societies, dialects, social practices, and work and government laws. The job of HR the executives changes when an organization intends to work the business in outside nations. ... treme significance to the comprehension of worldwide societies and dialects since it assumes a basic job in the universal achievement of global organizations. Another significant factor to which today’s HR supervisors give outrageous significance is universal business laws. At the point when an organization goes worldwide, the administration needs to think about global work laws while setting up business plans for the universal representatives. Innovation The progression in the field of innovation has driven the focal point of HR administrators towards recruiting exceptionally specialized representatives for the organizations. At the point when an organization begins utilizing new and most recent innovation for maintaining a particular business action, for example, producing, it needs to recruit such representatives who ought to be gifted in utilizing that innovation. Today, HR supervisors incline toward exceptionally talented and specialized applicants when contrasted with su ch up-and-comers who are albeit high qualified yet not gifted enough to utilize innovation. In addition, data innovation has additionally assumed a job in changing the job of HR the executives in the today’s business world. Data innovation gives directors such programming items and applications, which help them in doing execution evaluation as well as aides in improving the general human asset the executives. Before, keeping record of enormous scope HR was not a simple undertaking (Rankonda, 2010). The human asset the board framework (HRMS) is a case of data innovation, which not just helps human asset directors in keeping enormous records yet in addition causes them in completing numerous errands, for example, keeping participation, work appropriation, mechanized record keeping, and numerous different assignments. Morals â€Å"Business morals is the conduct that a business holds fast to in its every day

Writing Argumentative Essays in Seventh Grade

Writing Argumentative Essays in Seventh GradeA higher level of vocabulary and comprehension are the key to writing an argumentative essay. Excess of vocabulary is desirable for students in this grade level because they will use the words with more frequency in school. However, excessive vocabulary can be distracting, so it is important to select a topic that is both interesting and productive. A good topic does not need to be new to the student, just a topic that uses words in a more active way will be productive enough.Some topics can be educational and informative, while others are strictly informational use. Some topics that are quite informative can be a little boring for some students. It is important to choose topics that appeal to the student. Not every topic will be directly beneficial to the student, but some topics are very educational.One topic that appeals to many students is sports. Students love sports, and this topic is a great way to bring up fun topics to discuss. Th is will help students spend their time learning. It is best to choose a topic that is closely related to the student's interest. Sports can be a topic in almost any subject.One topic that works well for seventh graders is current events. The topic should be a little bit more informational than purely opinion based. It is possible to teach students about current events without being too opinionated or on topic.Other topics that are helpful in seventh grade are a history of science. This will give students more knowledge about science as well as get them more involved in the science field. If students are passionate about history, this will lead to more interest in other subjects in high school.Another topic that is very useful for seventh grade is a topic about a person. Sometimes students are just interested in knowing the name of a person, but there are some others who have more interest in hearing about a person and how their life has been lived. The student is given permission to talk about the person and this is a great topic to write about.Writing a persuasive essay is not easy for seventh graders. For the majority of students, the structure of a persuasive essay is quite difficult. To write an argumentative essay in this grade level, students need to understand how to make their essay appealing to the reader. The essay must be written in such a way that it will stand out from other essays written by peers in the class.Writing a persuasive essay can be very challenging for students. There are several tips that can be used to make writing easier and more productive. Always write with a purpose and stay motivated throughout the process. By understanding how to compose a persuasive essay, seventh graders will have a great time writing an argumentative essay.

Literature Review - Customer Online Purchase Intention - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 10 Words: 2877 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Marketing Essay Type Research paper Did you like this example? CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Introduction In this chapter, the first section will be the comprehensive review of customer online purchase intention, cinema e-ticketing, web security, perceived risk and perceived usefulness. The second section will be the relationships between independent variables and dependent variable. Through reviewing the published journals, articles and textbooks that relevant to this research study topic. It provides researcher a foundation to create a research framework to this research study. In order to reach the research objectives, the published journals, articles and textbooks will help this research study to proceed with further investigation and hypotheses testing. The Internet market penetration rate has increased rapidly in Asia region (Maddox and Gong, 2005). According to Malaysia Internet Usage and Telecommunication report (2014), the number of Internet subscribers in Malaysia has increased from 2.9 million in year 20 04 to 20 million in year 2013. It showed that there is a rapidly growth in the Internet subscription and online purchase in Malaysia. The online purchase of Malaysia is still at the development stage. However, there are not much information to know the customer online purchase intention and the factors that influence customer online purchase intention in the online purchase environment. Therefore, this research study will investigate the factors that affect customer online purchase intention in the online purchase environment in Malaysia.It showed that the factors that influence customer online purchase intention are very important. Therefore, the e-commerce company must pay attention and solve these factors in order to gain more profits. As mention above, there is a significant relationship between web security, perceived risk, perceived usefulness and customer online purchase intention. The independent variables and dependent variable will be review in this chapter to get bette r understanding in this research study. 2.2 Previous Study 2.2.1 Customer Online Purchase Intention Jarvenpaa, Sirkka and Noam (1999) stated customer online purchase intention is customers intention to purchase products or services from online retailer.Except selling products and services through traditional ways, there are many companies conduct online retail at the same time. These online retailers are selling products and services in a virtual medium through Internet. Ajzen (1991) said motivation factors will influenced a person online purchase intention. Normally, the motivation factors are come from personal and social motive. Additionally, motivation factors that influence a person online purchase intention included internal and external motive. It showed that motivation factors will influence a person intention who willingness to make online purchase decision. On the other hand, Heijden, Verhagen and Creemers (2001) explained online purchase is a person intention who willingness to purchase products or services at the website through Internet.Thus, customer will purchase products or services through online transaction when customer perceived benefits from online purchase.Pavlou (2003) stated online purchase is the process of products or services purchase, information retrieval and information transfer. Therefore, these activities taken place in customer online purchase process.Other than that, Pavlou (2003) explained the information retrieval of products or services are considered as the intention of customer to use a website during online purchase.Thus, the description of products and services also affect customer online purchase intention. Besides that, the development of Internet technology in Malaysia allowed the Malaysian customers to make online purchase from online retailer and search for products or services through Internet (Kwek, Tan and Lau, 2010).When customer has intention to purchase products or services in the web-shopping environment, it showed that customer perceived benefits from online purchase.The attractiveness of the website design, products describe, advertising and many more can attract customers eyesight as well as increase customer online purchase intention (Chi, Yeh and Huang, 2009).Zeithamal (1988) stated the more online purchase willingness will increase the purchase intention of customer. It showed that the perceived usefulness will influence online purchase intention so when the perceived usefulness increase, it tends to increase intention of online purchase at the same time.In addition, customers perception on risk and usefulness and web security will affect online purchase intention. Therefore, these are the main factors to estimate customer online purchase intention in the e-commerce market. 2.2.2 Cinema E-ticketing E-ticketing system is a new version that transform from the conventional paper ticket.E-ticket also is an electronic record to keepin the cinemas reservations syst em. In addition, Cinema e-ticketing system is a new marketing strategy implemented by cinema companies in order to serve customers through Internet Infrastructure (Goh, 2001).According to Sulaiman, Josephine and Mohezar (2008), the information of customers will store in cinema company database. Therefore customer can go into cinema with an e-ticket with using a special lookup code knows as QR code or bar code.E-ticketing system is still at the growing stage in Malaysia. According to Lau, Choo and Tan (2011), AirAsia was the first to start the e-ticketing system and subsequently followed by cinema companyin Malaysia.Thus, cinema company still need time to gain customers confidence of the e-ticketing system in order to succeed in the e-commerce market. Hoosain, Khan, Kira and Farhoomand (2000) said the main purpose of e-ticketing system is to develop customer self-services technology. Online cinema movie ticket purchasing is considered an easy task that may take about 5 minutes to complete a purchasing. However, the purchasing process of online cinema movie ticket included select a cinema, select a date, select a movie, select a payment method, select seat and then make payment after that customer will get the e-ticket from the cinema e-ticketing system.Enhance customer service and improve effeciency are the elements to lead e-ticketing system to success (Hoosain et al, 2000). Thus, cinema companies should enhance customer and improve efficiency to lead customer accept cinema e-ticketing system. E-ticketing system allows cinema companies to eliminate customers queuing tension of purchasing a movie ticket. Sulaiman et al (2008) stated e-ticketing system is beneficial for both consumer and organisation. Customer will save time and avoid long queue when using cinema e-ticketing system. 2.2.3 Web Security Gray (2006) stated the security of customers information has become significant issue that increased attention by the public. Thus, customer demand increa sed that the personal information should be protect by company during collection and use of such information. According to Goh (2001), perceived security included threat that may cause e-commerce economic hardship such as disclosure of data, fraud, waste and abuse to the Internet users. It showed that company must pay attention in web security when running e-commerce because web security is a factor that will influence intention of online purchase. Roca, Garcia and Vega (2009) stated customer will be more willing to use online purchase if the information provided during transaction is more secure. Goh (2001) explained that hacker, poor security and immature website will influence consumer intention of online purchase.It showed that Malaysias Internet users are concern with web security issue. Thus, customers only will online purchase cinema movie ticket when customers confident with the online transaction system provided by cinema company.Cinemas website is one of the contact too ls between cinema company and customers. According to Powell (2009), the quality of the website will affect customer intention of online purchase. Thus, websites quality is one of the factors that will affect web security. Web security is the largest issues of e-ticketing system in Malaysia (Sulaiman et al, 2008). It showed that which organisation need to use e-ticketing system must pay attention in web security. According to Hopwood, Sinason Tucker (2000), web security has become the problem for e-commerce.Nowadays, customer is more careful during online purchase. On the other hand, Salisbury, Pearson.R, Pearson.A and Miller (2001) stated customer will only online purchase when the sensitive information is safe. Therefore, many large scale online retailer pay attention in the web security to protect the customer information.Customer will demand that online retailer to protect their sensitive analysis such as name, identity card number, credit card number and security code. Credi t card number and security code is the most important sensitive analysis for customer. If the credit card number and security code get by other person through the website customer financial will get harmful from this issue. In addition, Salisbury et al (2001) said there are many large scale online retailer will hire professional employees in Information Technology (IT) department to design the company website and of course the security of website.An excellent web security will help cinema company to build customers trust and firm reputation. It showed that web security is a significant factor that will influence customer online purchase intention of cinema movie ticket. 2.2.4 Perceived Risk Tam (2012) said perceived risk can be defined as unexpected or negative consequences a consumer fears may occur as a result of making the wrong purchase decision. This shows perceived risk plays an important role in purchase decision.Lee and Tan (2003) stated customer will perceived higher level of risk when online purchase compared with traditional retail shop. Customer hard to examine the physical products because customer only can rely on limited details and pictures shown on the screen. Perceived risk also can be defined as consumersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ belief the transaction has uncertain negative outcomes (Martin and Camarero, 2008). Thus, perceived risk is a vital hurdle for online purchase. Kwek, Daud, Tan, Kay and Hassan (2011) stated perceived risk can be defined in various types of risk in the transaction environment. According to Chen and Barnes (2007), privacy risk and security risk are the predominant risk in online purchase environment. Besides that, Bart, Shankar, Sultan and Urban (2005) said security and privacy are the factors that influence customer trust in online purchase. Therefore, web security is very important for cinema company when running e-ticketing system because customer demanding cinema company will protect the privacy and sensitive in formation of customer. Customer willing to use cinema e-ticketing system to purchase movie ticket when customer perceived the level of risk is low. Jacoby and Kaplan (1972) identified there are five types of risk in pre-Internet context that are financial, performance, social, psychological and psychical risk. After that, Roselius (1971) identified time risk as the sixth dimension of risk. However, Kim (2008) stated that there are three types perceived risk in online purchase context that are product risk, information risk and financial risk.Product risk is worst product that bought from online. Information risk is wrong products information provided by online retailer. Financial risk is loss of money derived from a bad product choice. It showed that perceived risk has negative influence for customer online purchase intention because there is too many risk in online purchase environment. However, customer is less likely to purchase online when perceived high risk. Therefore, when cinema company running e-ticketing system company must provide good web security, website, e-ticketing system and product to customer in order to reduce customers risk and gain the trust from customers. It showed that perceived risk is a significant factor that will influence customer online purchase intention of cinema movie ticket. 2.2.5 Perceived Usefulness Teo (2011) explained that perceived usefulness is a degree to which a person believes that using a specific technology will enhance performance. Thus, perceived usefulness is a factor that influences customer online purchase intention of cinema movie ticket.Moreover, Venkatesh and Davis (2000) stated perceived usefulness will influence customer intention of using Internet. Customer perceived that online purchase is more benefits than traditional way.On the other hand, customer purchase through Internet is considered and ease of use.Venkatesh and Davis (2000) indicated perceived usefulness has a positive effect on custom er online purchase intention, customers are more likely to online purchase when customer perceived online purchase is useful way to transaction.In the case of cinema e-ticketing system, if customers perceived that online purchase cinema movie ticket is useful and convenience, customer is more likely to use cinema e-ticketing system to purchase movie ticket through Internet. According to Gefen, Karahanna and Straub (2003),perceived usefulness is a measure of the individualà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s subjective assessment of the utility offered by the new information technology in a specific task-related context.Usefulness, reliability and ease of use are the main components for online purchase (Park and Gretzel, 2006).It showed that the customers who perceived usefulness for online purchase, customers will purchase through the company website.In the case of cinema e-ticketing system, when customers belief that e-ticketing system is usefulness so customers will purchase cinema movie ticket through e-ticketing system. Butler and Peppard (1998) stated consumers willgain benefits from online purchase because online purchase provides consumers global market and larger product catalogues from wide range of sellers.Nowadays, consumer can be easily connected to global networks because of the advanced network and technologies. Lee (2009) said online purchase provided speed, quantity of information and products to customers. Thus, customers will be more confident to online purchase due to wide information and product varieties.According to Vijayasarathy (2004), the consumers perceived usefulness of online purchase included cool, enjoyable, save time, fun, free, flexibility, informative, resourceful, comparative, convenience and many more. In the case of e-ticketing system, customer perceived usefulness of online purchase cinema movie ticket included convenience, save time and flexibility compared with the traditional way. There are many benefits when customer using cinema e-ticketing system to purchase movie ticket. For example, customer using cinema e-ticketing system is very flexibility and convenience because customer can purchase cinema movie ticket at any places through Internet and device. Other than that, customer can avoid long queue when using cinema e-ticketing system to purchase cinema ticket and it is save time for customer.. It showed that perceived usefulness is a significant factor that will influence customer online purchase intention of cinema movie ticket. 2.2.6 Web Security and Customer Online Purchase Intention There is a relationship between independent variable and dependent variable in this research study that are web security and online purchase intention of cinema movie ticket. Adeline, Ali and Hishamuddin (2006) said there is a correlation between customer online purchase intention and the personal information and security of credit card payment. However, the function of web security is to protect customer information and credit card payment process. Thus, customer has confident to use cinema e-ticketing system to purchase movie ticket. Web security plays an important role in customer online purchase intention of cinema movie ticket. Security and privacy are the elements that influence intention of customer online purchase (Rehman, Ashfaq and Ansari, 2011). Zellweger (1997) stated the security of transaction that will also affect customer online purchase intention. Hacker is the person that will stole customer personal information and credit card detail, this will cause customer financial loss. Cinema company must pay attention in web security in order to protect privacy of customers. Therefore, customer will feel secure when using cinema e-ticketing system to purchase movie ticket. H1: There is a relationship between web security and customer online purchase intention of cinema movie ticket. 2.2.7 Perceived Risk and Customer Online Purchase Intention There is a relationship between i ndependent variable and dependent variable in this research study that are perceived risk and online purchase intention of cinema movie ticket.Perceived risk is a factor that will bring negative consequences of using cinema e-ticketing system. The risk in online purchase always refers to financial risk that may lead customer financial loss (Ocass, 2002). Website malfunctions, e-payment, privacy and policy also are the risks that will affect intention of customer during online purchase. Thus, cinema company must control the quality of website security in order to reduce risk then customers will more willing to use cinema e-ticketing system. Perceived risk can be defined as an essential aspect of customer purchase intention due to the potential perceived anxiety and impairment that will negatively affect a person intention (OCass, 2002). Pavlou (2002) said perceived risk is very influential point of discussing customer online purchase intention because customer is trying to avoid r isks during online purchase.Thus, cinema company must do well in web security in order to reduce perceived risk of customer when using cinema e-ticketing system. H2: There is a relationship between perceived risk and customer online purchase intention of cinema movie ticket. 2.2.8 Perceived Usefulness and Customer Online Purchase Intention There is a relationship between independent variable and dependent variable in this research study that are perceived usefulness and online purchase intention of cinema movie ticket.Ignatius and Ramayah (2005) stated perceived usefulness is the important factors that influence people to use a new technology. Vijayasarathy (2004) said perceived usefulness is customer believes online purchase will get more benefits such as save time, convenience and many more. Vijayasarathy (2004) support the perceived usefulness will influence intention of online purchase. It means customer will use cinema e-ticketing system when perceived usefulness and c ustomer will continue to use this technology. It is because cinema e-ticketing system help customer to save time and purchase movie ticket more convenience. H3: There is a relationship between perceived usefulness and customer online purchase intention cinema of cinema movie ticket. 2.3 Related Theories Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) is a theory to test the technologys usefulness and ease of use (Park, 2009). Consumers will only accept a new technology when that is usefulness, low risk and secure. The e-ticketing system that implemented by cinema companyis very useful for customer. It helps customer to save time and provide customer convenience when purchase movie ticket online. At the same time, cinema company must confirm that web security is secure and the risk is low. Customer will more confident to use cinema e-ticketing system when customer perceived usefulness of cinema e-ticketing system, web security is secure and the level of risk is low. Thus, customer will ac cept the cinema e-ticketing system and willing continue to use this technology to online purchase cinema movie ticket. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Literature Review Customer Online Purchase Intention" essay for you Create order

Four Major Civil Rights Speeches and Writings

Personal Statement Seeking Admission to Master’s Degree...

As far as success is concerned, a mans accepted wisdom works just the way a band-rejection filter does. It has low opposition to ambitions and ideally infinite resistance to failure. But in my perception, to be truly successful a man needs to accept and learn from failure as it is the fingerpost on the road to achievement. With this belief firmly in place, I wish to offer insight into my decision to pursue a Master’s degree in Electrical Engineering at the University of Massachusetts Amherst. In my early years, I was fascinated to learn about the observations and inventions made by the Italian renaissance polymath – Leonardo da Vinci. I often wondered how difficult it must be for someone to combine art and science, the only two factors†¦show more content†¦According to the United States–India Educational Foundation, the education offered by universities of US is six years ahead of the rest of the world. When I discussed my plans of pursuing a master†™s degree with my college principal, also a senior member of operation research society of India, he strongly suggested Umass Amherst since it is categorized as a Research University with Very High research activity by the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching and would be ideal for someone seeking a career in research. Besides the facts that Umass is the largest public university in New England, it built a Large Millimeter Telescope, its UMass Permaculture initiative, effective support service for international students, substantial funding prospects, academic brilliance and cutting-edge technology, what attracted me the most is the hands on training provided at your university and its research expenditures each year. I believe that I possess the fervor, intellect and perseverance to significantly contribute to the research carried out at your university. As wisely said by Sir Isaac Newton, If I have seen further, it is by standing on the shoulders of giants. The wholesome education offered at your university will intensify my technical skills, strengthen my research abilities, serve the ultimate purpose of aquiring comprehensive knowledge that would be beneficial to the society and most of all it will instigateShow MoreRelatedFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 Pageswealth of interactive visual and audio resources, WileyPLUS gives you everything you need to personalize the teaching and learning experience.  » F i n d o u t h ow t o M A K E I T YO U R S  » www.wileyplus.com ALL THE HELP, RESOURCES, AND PERSONAL SUPPORT YOU AND YOUR STUDENTS NEED! 2-Minute Tutorials and all of the resources you your students need to get started www.wileyplus.com/firstday Student support from an experienced student user Ask your local representative for details! 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Trends in Global Philanthropy among U.S. foundations

Question: Discuss about the Trends in Global Philanthropy among U.S. foundations? Answer: Overview: The global rise in giving funds to social causes has increased a lot in recent years. This article has discussed the growth of philanthropy by U.S. foundations. The analysis provided insight into the trend currently going on among top firms and entrepreneurs (Maclean et al., 2013). Specific qualitative design used The models related to microcredit have been followed. The success drawn by Muhammad Yunus in Bangladesh has been taken. Comprehensive analysis of all studies reviewed rigorously to find out the effectiveness of philanthropy. Population and sample the samples were taken from different studies based on the trend of philanthropy by several U.S firms. Steps for data collection and protection of human subjects Proper data collection is needed to research about any topic. Steps are followed to derive the result. First relevant article and sample data were collected. Then measurement was done on the quality of the data. The irrelevant data were erased out, and only related information on the topic was taken for the analysis. Steps Taken for the analysis of the data The pattern of differing interpretations of effectiveness is often overlapped with social problems. Researchers use an approach that is more cautious while practitioners move quickly to implement ideas. Scientific methods began with a hypothesis about how the trend affected global market. Then results were targeted to particular scientific audiences (Petersen McClure, 2011). Issues of trustworthiness within a qualitative framework The issues of reliability often come as a barrier to accepting research results. In this case, the issue revolved around considering U.S. companies. The result is based on the approach taken by US firms and their implementation of philanthropy in world finance. Article: Social innovation and the practice of contemporary Entrepreneurial philanthropy Overview The social crisis has accelerated the need for philanthropy. Entrepreneurs are taking steps in addressing socio-economic challenges. They are making their presence felt in integrating theory and empirical practice. The article has highlighted the commitment of philanthropists and their prospective effect on coming years (Shaw et al., 2013). A specific qualitative design A straightforward fund-raising model was followed. It is relied on the view and approach of the persons in the research. It revolved around 55 foundations in UK; it exemplified within the diverse community function. The population and sample The population of the sample is minuscule. The study had only taken views of few participants. Only two entrepreneurs, one house builder, a historical novelist and four charitable trusts were the participants. Steps for data collection and protection of human subjects The data collection process supervised different organizations in UK. Data were collected from as many as 253 in different funds, 48 corporate, 36 charities and trust funds. The data were thoroughly filtered, and the most relevant subjects were taken. Steps for analysis of the data The data were not taken randomly. It was purposefully selected. For the analysis, grant making fund programs, performance on social deprivation were followed. Issues of trustworthiness within a qualitative framework Limitations of the study include the fact that the empirical site embraced a single organization. It lacks the significance of concrete result and findings. The interviews, one on one session were conducted to few entrepreneurs. Therefore, it is probably not showing the real picture (LeClair, 2014). Article: Exploring contemporary entrepreneurial philanthropy Overview: The article has examined the philanthropic outcome of super-wealthy entrepreneurs in large-scale endeavors. The findings of the study have highlighted the blend of different forms of capital as a defining feature (Kou et al., 2013). Specific qualitative design The design followed the history of philanthropic works done for centuries. The design has showed entrepreneurs have demonstrated a keen interest in philanthropy. The population and sample The sample they used for the study was huge in number. It started from the early centuries. It also collected a detailed study on philanthropic ventures in last 30 to 40 years. Steps for data collection and protection of human subjects Three forms of cultural capital were used. It embodied personal disposition. It objectified various studies and institutionalized educational qualifications. Steps for the analysis of the data The analysis was done based on social, socio-economic, political and global perspective. The analysis had widely observed the ideologies and theories applied in this context. Issues of trustworthiness within a qualitative framework The article has contributed to a theoretical model of understanding of contemporary entrepreneurial philanthropy. Applicable hypothetical study Based on the analysis of a hypothesis can be derived. H1: Global philanthropy is needed for socio-cultural development throughout the world. H0: Global philanthropy is not needed for socio-cultural development throughout the world. The hypothesis can derive the effectiveness of the analysis from which we can find the outcome. The study derived from the hypothesis depends upon philanthropic growth and the influence on the entrepreneurs around the globe. The study is important in the sense it can explore the trend of philanthropy and the involvement of business leaders. The business leaders from the past have been using the fund as a tool to create an impression on the people (Zunz, 2014). In these articles, several designs have been followed to analysis the data. In some cases, the research was only conducted through the interview. Only a few people were the sample. The worthiness of the finding was critical as it had a contradictory effect. The argument said it was not trustworthy as the sample size was so less. It was perceived as a general outcome of a community. In other articles, the research was well organized, and it was praised for the value it generated. The sample size was big; the quality assessment was precise and effective. The less effective and irrelevant data were curtailed down. Researches were conducted on a larger business community as well as trusts, clubs and individual wealthy persons (LeClair, 2014). Strengths and challenges The strengths and challenges were found from the case topic. The strengths were the data of the research done. The analysis was full proofed, and it followed the proper step of the analysis. The amount of data and sample was collected since the eighteenth century. Results of funds taken are ranging from top corporate house, firms, trusts, clubs, and individual. Hypothesis drawn from the findings were predominantly challenges both the positive and negative aspects of the topic. However, it does not allow to draw any conclusion on whether it was impacting on the socio-cultural side of people or it was not. Ethical issues are there that was found from the research process. The super wealthy organizations and the wealthy entrepreneurs often try to use philanthropic works for their benefit. Sometimes they attempt to evade tax department or to fake their assets by endorsing charitable funding. Ethical consideration needs to be there as it is directed towards the benefit of poor people. The super power countries need to understand the actual meaning of funding. The funds help the third world countries to help the underachievers and poor in their livelihood. The issue has been addressed by several journals to point out the negative side of philanthropy. Philanthropic works should be directed at helping the poor. The government of respective countries needs to tap whether the philanthropic endeavors are actually for the cause or it is largely exaggerated. Corporate Social Responsibility has been imposed by several countries to create a rule for the corporate houses. The regulation says this activity should be followed by giving a part of the excess profit for the benefit of the poor (Tilcsik Marquis, 2013). References: Kania, J., KraMer, M., Russell, P. A. T. T. Y. (2014). Strategic philanthropy for a complex world. Kou, X., Hayat, A. D., Mesch, D. J., Osili, U. O. (2013). The Global Dynamics of Gender and Philanthropy in Membership Associations: A Study of Charitable Giving by Lions Clubs International Members.Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, 0899764013502583. LeClair, M. S. (2014). A History of Philanthropy in the United States. InPhilanthropy in Transition(pp. 1-26). Palgrave Macmillan US. Maclean, M., Harvey, C., Gordon, J. (2013). Social innovation, social entrepreneurship and the practice of contemporary entrepreneurial philanthropy.International Small Business Journal,31(7), 747-763. Petersen, A. C., McClure, G. D. (2011;2010;). Trends in global philanthropy among U.S. foundations: A brief review of data and issues.The Foundation Review,2(4), 88-100. doi:10.4087/FOUNDATIONREVIEW-D-10-00032 Shaw, E., Gordon, J., Harvey, C., Maclean, M. (2013;2011;). Exploring contemporary entrepreneurial philanthropy.International Small Business Journal,31(5), 580-599. doi:10.1177/0266242611429164 Tilcsik, A., Marquis, C. (2013). Punctuated Generosity how mega-events and natural disasters affect corporate philanthropy in US communities.Administrative Science Quarterly, 0001839213475800. Zunz, O. (2014).Philanthropy in America: A history. Princeton University Press.